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OSPF

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Use the OSPF template for all vEdge Cloud and vEdge router devices.

To configure OSPF on vEdge routers using vManage templates:

  1. Create an OSPF feature template to configure OSPF parameters, as described in this article. OSPF can be used for service-side routing, to provide reachability to networks at the local site, and it can be used for transport-side routing, to enable communication between the vEdge router and other Viptela devices when the router is not directly connected to the WAN cloud. Create separate OSPF templates for the two OSPF routing types.
  2. Create a VPN feature template to configure VPN parameters for either service-side OSPF routing (in any VPN other than VPN 0 or VPN 512) or transport-side OSPF routing (in VPN 0). See the VPN help topic.

Navigate to the Template Screen

  1. In vManage NMS, select the Configuration ► Templates screen.
  2. In the Device tab, click Create Template.
  3. From the Create Template drop-down, select From Feature Template.
  4. From the Device Model drop-down, select the type of device for which you are creating the template.
  5. To create a template for VPN 0 or VPN 512:
    1. Click the Transport & Management VPN tab located directly beneath the Description field, or scroll to the Transport & Management VPN section.
    2. Under Additional VPN 0 Templates, located to the right of the screen, click OSPF.
    3. From the OSPF drop-down, click Create Template. The OSPF template form is displayed. The top of the form contains fields for naming the template, and the bottom contains fields for defining OSPF parameters.
  6. To create a template for VPNs 1 through 511, and 513 through 65530:
    1. Click the Service VPN tab located directly beneath the Description field, or scroll to the Service VPN section.
    2. Click the Service VPN drop-down.
    3. Under Additional VPN Templates, located to the right of the screen, click OSPF.
    4. From the OSPF drop-down, click Create Template. The OSPF template form is displayed. The top of the form contains fields for naming the template, and the bottom contains fields for defining OSPF parameters.

When you first open a feature template, for each parameter that has a default value, the scope is set to Default (indicated by a check mark), and the default setting or value is shown. To change the default or to enter a value, click the scope drop-down to the left of the parameter field and select one of the following:

Parameter Scope

Scope Description

Device Specific (indicated by a host icon)

Use a device-specific value for the parameter. For device-specific parameters, you cannot enter a value in the feature template. You enter the value when you attach a Viptela device to a device template.

When you click Device Specific, the Enter Key box opens. This box displays a key, which is a unique string that identifies the parameter in a CSV file that you create. This file is an Excel spreadsheet that contains one column for each key. The header row contains the key names (one key per column), and each row after that corresponds to a device and defines the values of the keys for that device. You upload the CSV file when you attach a Viptela device to a device template. For more information, see Create a Template Variables Spreadsheet.

To change the default key, type a new string and move the cursor out of the Enter Key box.

Examples of device-specific parameters are system IP address, hostname, GPS location, and site ID.

Global (indicated by a globe icon)

Enter a value for the parameter, and apply that value to all devices.

Examples of parameters that you might apply globally to a group of devices are DNS server, syslog server, and interface MTUs.

Minimum OSPF Configuration

The following parameters are required (unless otherwise indicated) to configure OSPF on a vEdge router:

Step Parameter Name Description
 1. Template Name Enter a name for the template. It can be up to 128 characters and can contain only alphanumeric characters.
 2. Description (Template) Enter a description for the template. It can be up to 2048 characters and can contain only alphanumeric characters.
 3. Router ID (optional) Enter the OSPF router ID, in decimal four-part dotted notation. This is the IP address associated with the router for OSPF adjacencies.
 4. Distance for External Routes (optional)

Specify the OSPF route administration distance for routes learned from other domains.

Range: 0 through 255
Default: 110
 5. Distance for Inter-Area Routes (optional)

Specify the OSPF route administration distance for routes coming from one area into another.

Range: 0 through 255
Default: 110
 6. Distance for intra-Area routes (optional)

Specify the OSPF route administration distance for routes within an area.

Range: 0 through 255
Default: 110
 7. Save Click Save to save the feature template.

You must also configure OSPF area 0, as described below.

CLI equivalent:

vpn vpn-id
  router
    distance
      external number
      inter-area number
      intra-area number
    router-id

Redistribute Routes into OSPF

To redistribute routes learned from other protocols into OSPF on vEdge routers, select the Redistribute tab and click the plus sign (+):

Parameter Name Description
Protocol Select the protocol from which to redistribute routes into OSPF. Select from BGP, Connected, NAT, OMP, and Static.
Route Policy Enter the name of a localized control policy to apply to routes before they are redistributed into OSPF.

To add another OSPF route redistribution policy, click the plus sign (+).

To remove an OSPF route redistribution policy from the template configuration, click the trash icon to the right of the entry.

CLI equivalent:

vpn vpn-id
  router
    ospf  ​    
      redistribute (bgp | connected | nat | omp | static) route-policy policy-name

Configure OSPF To Advertise a Maximum Metric

To configure OSPF to advertise a maximum metric so that other routers do not prefer this vEdge router as an intermediate hop in their Shortest Path First (SPF) calculation, select the Max Metric (Router LSA) tab and click the plus sign (+):

Parameter Name Description
Type

Select a type:

  • Administrative—Force the maximum metric to take effect immediately, through operator intervention.
  • On-Startup—Advertise the maximum metric for the specified time.
Time

Specify the number of seconds to advertise the maximum metric after the router starts up, to use if you specified On-Startup.

Range: 0, 5 through 86400 seconds
Default: 0 seconds (the maximum metric is advertised immediately when the router starts up)

CLI equivalent:

vpn vpn-id  
  router
    ospf      ​
      max-metric
  ​      router-lsa (administrative | on-startup seconds)

Configure OSPF Areas

To configure an OSPF area within a VPN on a vEdge router, select the Area tab and click the plus sign (+). An a minimum, you must configure area 0.

Parameter Name Description
Number

Enter the number of the OSPF area.

Range: 32-bit number
Area Type Select the type of OSPF area, Stub or NSSA.
No Summary Select On to not inject OSPF summary routes into the area.
Translate

If you configured the area type as NSSA, select when to allow vEdge routers that are ABRs (area border routers) to translate Type 7 LSAs to Type 5 LSAs:

always—Router always acts as the translator for Type 7 LSAs. That is, no other router, even if it is an ABR, can be the translator. If two ABRs are configured to always be the translator, only one of them actually ends up doing the translation.
candidate—Router offers translation services, but does not insist on being the translator.
never—Translate no Type 7 LSAs

CLI equivalent:

vpn vpn-id
  router
    ospf
      area number
        nssa
          no-summary
          translate (always | candidate | never)
        stub
          no-summary

Configure Interfaces in an OSPF Area

To configure the properties of an interface in an OSPF area:

  1. Select the Area tab.
  2. Scroll to the right and click the Interface link for the area. An Interface section appears under the area.
  3. Click Add. The Interface popup window opens:
Parameter Name Description
Interface Name Enter the name of the interface, in the format geslot/port or loopbacknumber.
Hello Interval

Specify how often the router sends OSPF hello packets.

Range: 1 through 65535 seconds
Default: 10 seconds
Dead Interval

Specify how often the vEdge router must receive an OSPF hello packet from its neighbor. If no packet is received, the vEdge router assumes that the neighbor is down.

Range: 1 through 65535 seconds
Default: 40 seconds (4 times the default hello interval)
LSA Retransmission Interval

Specify how often the OSPF protocol retransmits LSAs to its neighbors.

Range: 1 through 65535 seconds
Default: 5 seconds
Interface Cost

Specify the cost of the OSPF interface.

Range: 1 through 65535
Save, or Advanced Options Click Save to save the settings for the interface, or click Advanced Options to configure additional options for the interface as described below.

To configure advanced options for an interface in an OSPF area:

Parameter Name Description
Designated Router Priority Set the priority of the router to be elected as the designated router (DR). The router with the highest priority becomes the DR. If the priorities are equal, the node with the highest router ID becomes the DR or the backup DR.
Range: 0 through 255
Default: 1
OSPF Network Type

Select the OSPF network type to which the interface is to connect:

  • Broadcast network—WAN or similar network.
  • Point-to-point network—Interface connects to a single remote OSPF router.

Default: Broadcast
Passive Interface Select On or Off to specify whether to set the OSPF interface to be passive. A passive interface advertises its address, but does not actively run the OSPF protocol.
Default: Off
Authentication Specify the authentication and authentication key on the interface, to allow OSPF to exchange routing update information securely:
• Authentication Type

Select the authentication type:

  • Simple authentication—Password is sent in clear text.
  • Message-digest authentication—MD5 algorithm generates the password.
• Authentication Key Enter the authentication key. Plain text authentication is used when devices within an area cannot support the more secure MD5 authentication. The key can be 1 to 32 characters.
Message Digest Specify the key ID and authentication key if you are using message digest (MD5):
• Message Digest Key ID Enter the key ID for message digest (MD5 authentication). It can be 1 to 32 characters.
• Message Digest Key Enter the MD5 authentication key, in clear text or as an AES-encrypted key. It can be from 1 to 255 characters.
Save Click Save to save the settings for the interface and return to the OSPF template screen.

CLI equivalent:

vpn vpn-id
  router
    ospf
      area number
        interface interface-name
          authentication
            authentication-key key
            message-digest key
            type (message-digest | simple)
          cost number
          dead-interval seconds
          hello-interval seconds
          network (broadcast | point-to-point)
          passive-interface
          priority number 
          retransmit-interval seconds

Configure an Interface Range for Summary LSAs

To summarize OSPF routes at an area boundary so that only a single summary route is advertised to other areas by an ABR:

  1. Select the Area tab
  2. Scroll to the right and click Range at the right side. A Range section appears under the area.
  3. Click the plus sign (+) on the right side:
Parameter Name Description
Address Enter the IP address and subnet mask, in the format prefix/length, for the IP addresses to be consolidated and advertised.
Cost Specify a number for the Type 3 summary LSA. OSPF uses this metric during its SPF calculation to determine the shortest path to a destination.
Range: 0 through 16777215
No Advertise Select On to not advertise the Type 3 summary LSAs or Off to advertise them.

CLI equivalent:

vpn vpn-id
  router
    ospf
      area number
        range prefix/length
          cost number
          no-advertise

Configure Other OSPF Properties

To configure other OSPF properties, select the Advanced tab:

Parameter Name Description
Reference Bandwidth

Specify the reference bandwidth for the OSPF auto-cost calculation for the interface.

Range: 1 through 4294967 Mbps
Default: 100 Mbps
RFC 1538 Compatible By default, the OSPF calculation is done per RFC 1583. Select Off to calculate the cost of summary routes based on RFC 2328.
Default Information

Click On to generate a default external route into an OSPF routing domain:

  • Always—Select On to always advertise the default route in an OSPF routing domain.
  • Default metric—Set the metric used to generate the default route.
    Range: 0 through 16777214
    Default: 10
  • Metric type—Select to advertise the default route as an OSPF Type 1 external route or an OSPF Type 2 external route.
SPF Calculation Delay

Specify the amount of time between when the first change to a topology is received until performing the SPF calculation.

Range: 0 through 600000 milliseconds (60 seconds)
Default: 200 milliseconds
Initial Hold Time

Specify the amount of time between consecutive SPF calculations.

Range: 0 through 600000 milliseconds (60 seconds)
Default: 1000 milliseconds
Maximum Hold Time

Specify the longest time between consecutive SPF calculations.

Range: 0 through 600000
Default: 10000 milliseconds (60 seconds)
Policy Name Enter the name of a localized control policy to apply to routes coming from OSPF neighbors.

CLI equivalent:

vpn vpn-id
  router
    ospf
      auto-cost reference-bandwidth mbps
      compatible rfc1583
      default-information    
        originate (always | metric metric | metric-type type)
      route-policy policy-name in
      timers
        spf delay initial-hold-time maximum-hold-time

Release Information

Introduced in vManage NMS in Release 15.2.

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